Benito+Mussolini+(Pieter)

=**Benito Mussolini "Il Duce"** = = = ** history of your subject (what was he doing before he became a dictator?) (what was the political, economic or social background to your subject?) ** Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini was born on 29 July 1883 in Predappio in northern central Italy. His father was a blacksmith. Employment in the area was poor so in 1902 Mussolini moved to Switzerland, where he became involved in socialist politics. He returned to Italy in 1904, and worked as a journalist in the socialist press. Because he supported Italy WW1 led him to socialism. He fought in the Italian army in September 1915. In 1919 he founded the Fascist party, he got a lot of support from the unemployed war veterans. These people he formed into armed groups called “Black Shirts” who terrorized the political opponents. His party was let in the coalition government in 1921. In October 1922 political chaos ravaged over the country. Benito Mussolini marched to Rome and claimed that he was the only one able to restore peace and he was granted permission to create a government by the king of Italy. He slowly dismantled all democratic aspects of Italy and claimed himself dictator under the name “Il Duce” (meaning the duke in Italian) ** World events that formed your subject ** World war 1 did have an influence on Mussolini because when he came back from the front he went from being a journalist in the socialist press to creating a the Fascist party, showing that he wasn’t happy with how Italy was led and thought that he himself could improve that through his party. ** If a person, your subject’s ideas/ideologies ** Benito Mussolini supported the idea of Fascism. It is basically an idea based on the idea of an inspired ‘Man of Destiny’.

** Books your subject wrote or famous authors on your subject ** // [|Mussolini Und Hitler: 2 Wege, Gleiches Ende] // - This one is very interesting because it was written by Mussolini and Hitler together  [|The Cardinal's Mistress] by Benito Mussolini  [|The Doctrine of Fascism] by Benito Mussolini These are a few books written by Mussolini. Most of them were written about himself with a few novels in between. ** Your subject's political/social goals ** <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: center;">His first goal was to become a dictator of Italy (which he successfully accomplished). After he wanted to create a new roman empire and weaken the LoN through the 4-power pact. <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; text-align: center;">** Define important vocabulary (i.e. fascism, Nazi, individualism, etc) ** <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">Fascism-
 * 1) <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">An authoritarian and nationalistic right-wing system of government and social organization.
 * 2) <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">(in general use) Extreme right-wing, authoritarian, or intolerant views or practice

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">Vive il Duce- Long live the Duke (what people said when they saluted Mussolini) <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; text-align: center;">** Your subject's role in World War II ** <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">Mussolini played a big part in WW2 as he controlled Italy during that time and also supported Adolf Hitler in the war. He also influenced Hitler through many things such as the salute but also through general principles. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 16px;">His armed forces were not up to any task given to them and the Italian economy was weak at that time. HE just tagged along with the German victories involving him in wars with France, England etc. He was captured at first and a new government was formed (all during WW2) but he was freed by the Germans and remained leader of Italy who didn’t really play a significant role in WW2’s battles. <span style="display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; text-align: center;">** Sources ** <span style="color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: center;">[] <span style="color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: center;">[] <span style="color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 16px; text-align: center;">[]